Interactive monitoring dashboards for the COVID-19 pandemic in the world anticipating waves of the disease in Brazil with the use of open data / Painéis de monitoramento interativos da pandemia de COVID-19 no mundo com o uso de dados abertos antecipando ondas da doença no Brasil

ABSTRACT Objective: Describe the development, implementation, and utilization of dashboards for epidemiological analysis through open data research during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: The dashboards were designed to analyze COVID-19 related public data from various sources, including official government data and social media, at world level. Data processing and cleaning techniques were used to join datasets. We calculated Spearman correlation coefficient between the COVID-like symptoms data of the University of Maryland and Facebook Health research, called COVID Trends and Impacts Survey (CTIS) and the official data of notified COVID-19 cases by the Brazilian Health Ministry. Results: The dashboards were successful in predicting the onset of new waves of COVID-19 in Brazil. The data analysis revealed a correlation between the CTIS and the official number of cases the country. This article shows the potential of interactive dashboards as a decision-making tool in the context of public health emergencies, as it was used by the official communication of the Rio Grande do Sul state government. Conclusion: The use of dashboards for predicting the spread of COVID-19 in Brazil was a useful tool for decision-making. To anticipate waves of the disease gives time so that these decisions can be potentially more assertive. This drafts the need of more interdisciplinary actions of this nature, with visualization tools on epidemiologic research.

RESUMO Objetivo: Descrever o desenvolvimento, a implementação e o uso de painéis para a análise epidemiológica de dados abertos durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Métodos: Os painéis foram criados para analisar dados públicos relacionados á COVID-19 de várias fontes, incluindo dados oficiais dos governos e de redes sociais, a nível global. Técnicas de processamento e limpeza foram utilizadas para aglutinar os bancos de dados. Calculamos o coeficiente de correlação de Spearman entre as curvas de sintomas gripais da pesquisa da Universidade de Maryland em conjunto com o Facebook, chamada COVID Trends and Impacts Survey (CTIS), e a curva de casos notificados pelo Ministério da Saúde no Brasil. Resultados: Os painéis obtiveram sucesso em antecipar a chegada de novas ondas de COVID-19 no Brasil. A análise do dado revelou a correlação entre a pesquisa CTIS e o número oficial de casos no país. O artigo destaca o potencial de painéis interativos como uma ferramenta de tomada de decisão no contexto de emergências de saúde pública, como, por exemplo, no uso destes para a comunicação oficial do governo do Rio Grande do Sul. Conclusão: O uso de painéis para prever o avanço da COVID-19 no Brasil foi uma ferramenta útil para a tomada de decisão. A antecipação de ondas da doença possibilita tempo oportuno para que essas decisões sejam potencialmente mais assertivas. Isso esboça a necessidade de mais ações interdisciplinares dessa natureza, com ferramentas de visualização nas pesquisas epidemiológicas.

La publicación de los conjuntos de datos por medio de las revistas científicas: el caso de pensar en movimiento / A publicação de conjuntos de dados através de revistas científicas: o caso de Pensar en Movimiento / The publication of data sets through scientific journals: The case of Pensar en Movimiento

Varela-Briceño, M. (2023). La publicación de los conjuntos de datos por medio de las revistas científicas: el caso de Pensar en Movimiento. PENSAR EN MOVIMIENTO: Revista de Ciencias del Ejercicio y la Salud, 21(1), 1-6. La publicación científica ha evolucionado y con ellos las revistas académicas, desde sus inicios en versiones impresas y actualmente las electrónicas, lo cual ha llevado a una serie de cambios en los procesos de gestión. Es así que se han establecidos los movimientos del acceso y la ciencia abierta. El propósito de este editorial es hacer un recorrido sobre la publicación de conjuntos de datos, su importancia y ventajas; además de mostrar la iniciativa de Pensar en Movimiento de poner a disposición las bases de datos que acompañan los artículos de investigación.

Varela-Briceño, M. (2023). The publication of data sets through scientific journals: The case of Pensar en Movimiento. PENSAR EN MOVIMIENTO: Revista de Ciencias del Ejercicio y la Salud, 21(1), 1-6. Scientific publishing has evolved, and academic journals have evolved with it—initially in printed versions, and currently in electronic ones. This has resulted in a series of changes in management processes. For instance, the movements for open access and science have emerged. The purpose of this editorial is to present an overview of the publication of data sets, its importance and advantages, in addition to showing the initiative of Pensar en Movimiento to make available the data bases that go along with research articles.

Varela-Briceño, M. (2023). A publicação de conjuntos de dados através de revistas científicas: o caso de Pensar en Movimiento. PENSAR EN MOVIMIENTO: Revista de Ciencias del Ejercicio y de la Salud, 21(1), 1-6. A publicação científica evoluiu, e com ela as revistas acadêmicas; desde sua criação, em versões impressas, e atualmente eletrônicas, o que levou a uma série de mudanças nos processos de gestão. É assim que os movimentos de acesso e ciência aberta foram estabelecidos. O objetivo deste editorial é fazer uma jornada pela publicação de conjuntos de dados, sua importância e vantagens; além de mostrar a iniciativa da revista Pensar en Movimiento de disponibilizar as bases de dados que acompanham os artigos de pesquisa.

Identificação de evasão fiscal utilizando dados abertos e inteligência artificial / Identificación de la evasión fiscal mediante datos abiertos e inteligencia artificial / Tax evasion identification using open data and artificial intelligence

Resumo A evasão fiscal é a consequência da prática da sonegação. Apenas no Brasil, estima-se que ela corresponda a 8% do PIB. Com isso, os governos necessitam de sistemas inteligentes para apoiar os auditores fiscais na identificação de sonegadores. Tais sistemas dependem de dados sensíveis dos contribuintes para o reconhecimento dos padrões, que são protegidos por lei. Com isso, o presente trabalho apresenta uma solução inteligente, capaz de identificar os perfis de potenciais sonegadores com o uso apenas de dados abertos, públicos, disponibilizados pela Receita Federal e pelo Conselho Administrativo Tributário do Estado de Goiás, entre outros cadastros públicos. Foram gerados três modelos que utilizaram os recursos Random Forest, Redes Neurais e Grafos. Em validação depois de melhorias finas, foi possível obter acurácia superior a 98% na predição do perfil inadimplente. Por fim, criou-se uma solução de software visual para uso e validação pelos auditores fiscais do estado de Goiás.

Resumen La evasión fiscal es la consecuencia de la práctica de la defraudación tributaria. En Brasil, se estima que corresponde al 8% del PIB. Por lo tanto, los gobiernos necesitan y utilizan sistemas inteligentes para ayudar a los agentes de hacienda a identificar a los defraudadores fiscales. Dichos sistemas se basan en datos confidenciales de los contribuyentes para el reconocimiento de patrones, que están protegidos por ley. Este trabajo presenta una solución inteligente, capaz de identificar perfiles de potenciales defraudadores fiscales, utilizando únicamente datos públicos abiertos, puestos a disposición por la Hacienda Federal y por el Consejo Administrativo Tributario del Estado de Goiás, entre otros registros públicos. Se generaron tres modelos utilizando random forest y neural networks. En la validación después de finas mejoras, fue posible obtener una precisión superior al 98% en la predicción del perfil moroso. Finalmente, se creó una solución de software visual para uso y validación por parte de los auditores fiscales del estado de Goiás.

Abstract Tax evasion is the practice of the non-payment of taxes. In Brazil alone, it is estimated as 8% of GDP. Thus, governments must use intelligent systems to support tax auditors to identify tax evaders. Such systems seek to recognize patterns and rely on sensitive taxpayer data that is protected by law and difficult to access. This research presents a smart solution, capable of identifying the profile of potential tax evaders, using only open and public data, made available by the Brazilian internal revenue service, the administrative council of tax appeals of the State of Goiás, and other public sources. Three models were generated using Random Forest, Neural Networks, and Graphs. The validation after fine improvements offered an accuracy greater than 98% in predicting tax evading companies. Finally, a web-based solution was created to be used and validated by tax auditors of the State of Goiás.

Real Situation of Rehabilitation Therapy from the Viewpoint of Medical Service Fees / The Japanese Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine

Purpose：The older population in Japan is increasing faster than that in the rest of the world. As a result of the increasing number of elderly patients, rehabilitation treatment has become very important, resulting in rehabilitation-related medical expenses increasing, However, it is unclear which age groups are administered rehabilitation treatments. In this study, we investigated the age distribution of patients receiving rehabilitation treatment in Japan.Methods：We investigated the age distribution of patients receiving rehabilitation treatment using insurance data.Results：Rehabilitation fees for cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and musculoskeletal diseases peaked in the early 80 years age group, whereas those of disuse syndrome, respiratory diseases, and cancer peaked in the late 80 years. Male patients with cardiovascular diseases were twice as common until 80 years of age. Regarding cerebrovascular diseases, the number of male patients peaked in the late 70s, and there were more male patients in the following age groups. More female patients in the late 80 years age group had disuse syndrome. Rehabilitation fees for musculoskeletal diseases had the highest number of units calculated, with 2.5 times as many female patients as male patients. As for respiratory diseases, more male patients were present in the late 80 years age group. Among patients with cancer, males were about twice as common as females.Conclusion：The peak age of patients receiving rehabilitation treatment was in the 80 years age group, and the number of patients increased every year.

Trends in outpatient rehabilitation practices in Japan: analysis using the National Database of Health Insurance Claims Open Data / Journal of Rural Medicine

Objective: Many countries have recently established registration databases in the field of rehabilitation to clarify their current status. However, these databases are primarily created for inpatients, with only a few large-scale databases for outpatients. The present study aimed to clarify secular changes, age distribution, and regional disparities in the implementation of outpatient rehabilitation in Japan using the National Database of Health Insurance Claims.Materials and Methods: Using the National Database of Health Insurance Claims Open Data published by the Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare, the number of outpatient rehabilitation units from 2014 to 2018 were extracted and examined.Results: The total number of units for outpatient rehabilitation increased gradually from 2014 to 2018. Orthopedic rehabilitation accounted for more than 80% of the total number of units for outpatient rehabilitation in 2018. The total number of units for outpatient rehabilitation according to age was highest among those in their late 70s, while cerebrovascular and dysphagia rehabilitation had the highest number of units in children.Conclusion: The total number of units for outpatient rehabilitation gradually increased from 2014 to 2018; whereas the number of total units for outpatient rehabilitation according to age was the highest among those in their late 70s. However, cerebrovascular rehabilitation and dysphagia rehabilitation had the highest number of units in children. The implementation status of rehabilitation in each region varied greatly among prefectures, suggesting the need for policy planning to eliminate regional disparities.

Data sharing. Compartir datos de investigación, una práctica que todo investigador debería implementar en el proceso de investigación / Data sharing. Sharing research data, a practice that every researcher should implement in the research process

Introducción: Compartir datos es una práctica que beneficia y nutre a la ciencia abierta. La reutilización de datos sin procesar puede aportar nuevos resultados de investigación y otorga un segundo uso a los conjuntos de datos creados con otro fin, que además pueden servir como respaldo de los resultados de investigación. Objetivo: Exponer y actualizar los aspectos más importantes relacionados con el uso compartido de datos como parte del proceso de investigación. Material y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio bibliográfico que analiza y compila los principales aspectos que debe conocer un investigador que pretende compartir los datos de resultantes de sus investigaciones. Se empleó el análisis de contenido y el análisis documental clásico para la selección de documentos relevantes al estudio de la temática analizada. Desarrollo: Se establece una guía de repositorios de datos y buscadores de repositorios, donde se explican sus principales características. Se explica la importancia del papel de las revistas en el proceso de compartir datos de investigación y las tendencias internacionales de revistas científicas, así como los niveles de acceso a los set de datos de las investigaciones. Se abordan las ventajas de la aplicación de data sharing y su importancia. Conclusiones: Se ofrecen recomendaciones que se deben considerar para elegir repositorios cuando se pretende alojar datos de investigación(AU)

Introduction: Data sharing is a practice that benefits and nurtures open science movement. The reuse of raw data can provide new research results and give a second use to data sets created for another purpose, which can also serve as a support for research results. Objective: To present and update the most important aspects related to data sharing as part of the research process. Material and Methods: This is a bibliographic study that analyzes and compiles the main aspects that a researcher who intends to share the data resulting from his research should know. Content analysis and classic documentary analysis were used for the selection of documents relevant to the study on the subject analyzed. Development: A guide to data repositories and repository search engines is established, and its main characteristics are explained. The importance of the role of journals in the process of sharing research data, international trends in scientific journals, and the levels of access to research data sets, are explained. The advantages of the application of data sharing and its importance are discussed. Conclusions: Recommendations, which should be considered when choosing repositories to host research data, are offered(AU)

Potential of Alternative Sources for Electric Power Generation in the State of Paraná

Abstract The State of Paraná stands out in Brazil for its hydraulic potential for electricity generation. Furthermore, the State also shows potential for the use of other sources of energy, such as solar energy, biogas and biomass. The study traces the profile of electric energy consumption and compiles analysis of the alternative energy potentials of Paraná on the use of solar energy, the biomass of forest residues and agricultural crops, the generation of biogas through the residues of farmed animals and the urban solids residues. The work took account for the estimates, the logistical limitations for the biomass or biogas collection and the real availability of the wastes in terms of viability of exploration through distributed generation plants. The use of the business analytics software Tableau Desktop 2020.3.2® made possible the open data analysis at the municipal level. The paper provides realistic estimates about the feasibility of the use of alternative energy sources in the State of Paraná.

La importancia de la preservación digital para los sistemas de salud / A importância da preservação digital para os sistemas de saúde / The importance of digital preservation for health systems

En esta entrevista a Reciis, Miquel Térmens discute la importancia de la preservación digital para crear un sistema de salud que sea bueno no solo para el futuro, pero para el presente. Estamos en una fase de recopilación y almacenamiento de una gran cantidad de datos sobre el nuevo coronavirus para asegurar su rápida utilización, y su preservación a largo plazo es de interés tanto de los gobiernos como de los grupos de investigación que están trabajando a favor de las soluciones. El gran reto de nuestro presente es investigar cómo hacer preservación digital a una nueva escala, incorporando datos de las redes sociales, datos de investigación y Big Data, pero eso solo va a ser posible con normalización y planificación. Miquel Térmens Graells es doctor en Documentación por la Universidad de Barcelona, es profesor titular y decano de la Facultad de Información y Medios Audiovisuales de la misma universidad.

Análisis de datos abiertos de instituciones de educación superior colombianas como apoyo a la relación Universidad-Entorno / Analysis of open data from Colombian higher education institutions to support University-Environment relationship / Análise de dados abertos de instituições de ensino superior colombianas em apoio à relação Universidade-Meio

RESUMEN Las Instituciones de Educación Superior (IES) generan datos, información y conocimiento, por lo cual se consideran actores claves en los ecosistemas de datos abiertos. En este contexto, la apertura de datos es una estrategia que apoya al acceso a la información y a la relación de las universidades con el entorno. El objetivo de este artículo es estudiar, mediante un análisis comparativo, el alcance de las publicaciones de conjuntos de datos abiertos de estas instituciones desde tres ejes: (1) los Objetivos del Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS), (2) sectores de bienes y servicios y (3) temas estratégicos definidos por el gobierno colombiano. Los resultados revelan una baja publicación de conjuntos de datos, los cuales se centran en calidad y cobertura educativa. Se concluye que las universidades colombianas requieren estrategias que permitan el cumplimiento de la Ley de Transparencia Pública, Ley 1712 de 2014, y la implementación de iniciativas de datos abiertos que fortalezcan la interacción con el entorno, la generación de conocimiento y la innovación.

ABSTRACT Higher Education Institutions (HEI) generate data, information, and knowledge, which is why they are considered key actors in open data ecosystems. In this context, open data is a strategy that supports the access to information and the universities' relationship with the environment. The objective of this article is to study through a comparative analysis, the scope of the publications of open data sets of Colombian universities from three axes: (1) the Objectives of Sustainable Development (OSD); (2) goods and services sectors, and (3) strategic issues defined by the Colombian government. The results show a low publication of data sets, which are centered in educational quality and coverage. It is concluded that Colombian universities require incentives and national guidelines that allow them to comply with Law 1712 of 2014 on Public Transparency, and the implementation of open data initiatives that strengthen interaction with the environment, the generation of knowledge and innovation.

RESUMO As Instituições de Ensino Superior (IES) geram dados, informações e conhecimento, razão pela qual são consideradas atores-chave nos ecossistemas de dados abertos. Nesse contexto, dados abertos é uma estratégia que suporta o acesso à informação e a relação da universidade com o meio ambiente. O objetivo deste artigo é estudar, por meio de uma análise comparativa, o escopo das publicações de conjuntos de dados abertos das universidades colombianas em três eixos: (I) os Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS), (2) setores de bens e serviços e (3) questões estratégicas definidas pelo governo colombiano. Os resultados mostram uma baixa publicação de conjuntos de dados pelas universidades, com foco na qualidade e cobertura educacional. Conclui-se que as universidades colombianas exigem estratégias que permitam o cumprimento da Lei 1712 de 2014 sobre Transparência Pública e que melhorem a implementação de iniciativas de dados abertos que fortaleçam a interação com o meio ambiente, a geração de conhecimento e a inovação.

Becas de investigación QUINCKE: una experiencia pedagógica innovadora / Quincke's Research Scholarships: A Innovative Pedagogical Experience

Introducción: El perfeccionamiento de la sociedad cubana demanda nuevas formas de investigación y enseñanza acordes con la realidad nacional e internacional. Objetivo: Favorecer que los estudiantes de Ciencias Médicas se vinculen efectivamente a la investigación científica como protagonistas a partir de un curso de verano con carácter selectivo para estudiantes de pre y posgrado basado en los postulados de la ciencia abierta. Métodos: A partir de problemas como insuficiente aprovechamiento de LABCEL para el desarrollo de los estudiantes de medicina y su vinculación a planes de estudio, se asumió la dialéctica materialista como método general de la ciencia. Para las tareas de investigación se usaron los métodos del nivel teórico el histórico-lógico, análisis y síntesis, inducción-deducción, modelación con un enfoque de sistema junto a un análisis documental. En el nivel empírico el método fue la observación, la encuesta, la entrevista a directivos y el experimento pedagógico y la prueba pedagógica. Resultados: Se encontraron avalados por los premios obtenidos como el Premio Anual de Inmunología en la categoría docencia, y en los premios internacionales LURAP y IOP Award otorgado por la American Physiological Society los resultados de siete años de trabajo. Conclusiones: La experiencia de estos años de trabajo indica que esta modalidad de curso de verano a partir de la ciencia abierta es novedosa e innovadora(AU)

Introduction: The improvement of the Cuban society demands new research and teaching forms in accordance with national and international reality. Objective: To encourage students of medical sciences to become effectively involved in scientific research as protagonists, by means of a selective summer course for undergraduate and postgraduate students based on the principles of open science. Methods: We initially considered problems such as insufficient use of LABCEL for the progression of medical students and their connection with the syllabus, and then assumed the materialist dialectics as a general method of science. For the research tasks, the methods of the theoretical level were used, such as the historical-logical, analysis and synthesis, induction-deduction, and modeling with a system-related approach, together with documentary analysis. At the empirical level, the methods were observation, the survey, the interview with managers, the pedagogical experiment, and the pedagogical test. Results: The outcomes of seven years of work are supported by the prizes obtained, such as the Annual Immunology Award in the Teaching category, and by the international LURAP and IOP awards given by the American Physiological Society. Conclusions: The experience of these years of work indicates that this type of summer course based on open science is new and innovative(AU)

O uso da lei de acesso à informação no processo de inteligência competitiva no contexto da saúde privada no Brasil: uma análise na SulAmérica Seguros / El uso de la ley de acceso a la información en el procedimiento de inteligencia competitiva en el contexto de la salud privada en Brasil: un análisis de SulAmérica Seguros / Use of access to information law in the process of competitive intelligence in the context of the private health in Brasil: an analysis in SulAmerica Insurance

O uso de informação e conhecimento é essencial para que o processo de inteligência competitiva ocorra em ambientes empresariais. Considera-se que, com o advento da Lei 12.527 - Lei de Acesso à Informação, novas perspectivas no que tange ao acesso à informação surgiram, tendo em vista que todos os órgãos públicos e instituições privadas que recebem dinheiro governamental devem obrigatoriamente disponibilizar as informações de interesse público à sociedade. No entanto, muitos segmentos econômicos desconhecem essa nova possibilidade lícita de obter informações para o negócio. Nessa perspectiva, evidencia-se a importância do uso das informações disponibilizadas pelos órgãos públicos, por meio da Lei de Acesso à Informação, no processo decisório e nas atividades relacionadas ao processo de inteligência competitiva organizacional. A pesquisa é de natureza qualitativa do tipo bibliográfica, cujo método Estudo de Caso se refere à empresa SulAmérica Seguros, como apresentado no 7th SCIP Latin America Summit, evento de inteligência competitiva voltado ao setor empresarial. Como resultado, evidenciou-se que a implementação da Lei de Acesso à Informação propiciou à empresa utilizar informações advindas da prospecção e monitoramento informacional em seu processo de inteligência competitiva, gerando diferenciais importantes para o negócio(AU)

El uso de la información y del conocimiento es esencial para que el proceso de inteligencia competitiva ocurra en entornos empresariales. Se considera que con el advenimiento de la Ley 12.527, Ley de Acceso a la Información, surgieron nuevas perspectivas en lo que se refiere al acceso a la información, teniendo en cuenta que todos los organismos públicos e instituciones privadas que reciben dinero gubernamental deben obligatoriamente hacer que las informaciones de interés público estén disponibles a la sociedad. Sin embargo, muchos segmentos económicos desconocen esta nueva posibilidad lícita de obtener información para el negocio. En esta perspectiva, se evidencia la importancia del uso de las informaciones disponibles por los organismos públicos, por medio de la Ley de Acceso a la Información, en el proceso decisorio y en las actividades relacionadas con el proceso de inteligencia competitiva organizacional. La investigación es de naturaleza cualitativa del tipo bibliográfica, cuyo método Estudio de Caso se refiere a la Empresa SulAmérica Seguros, como el presentado en el 7º SCIP Latin America Summit, evento de inteligencia competitiva volcado al sector empresarial. Como resultado, se evidenció que la implementación de la Ley de Acceso a la Información propició a la empresa utilizar información proveniente de la prospección y del monitoreo informacional en su proceso de inteligencia competitiva, lo que generó diferenciales importantes para el negocio(AU)

The use of information and knowledge is essential for the competitive intelligence process occurs in enterprise environments. It is considered that with the enactment of Law 12.527 - Information Access Law, new perspectives in regard to the access to information arose having in mind that all public agencies and private institutions that receive government money should necessarily provide information from public interest to society. However, many economic segments unaware of this new possibility of licit get information for the business. From this perspective, it highlights the importance of using available information from public agencies, through the Information Access Law, in decision making process and in activities related to organizational competitive intelligence process. The research is qualitative nature, bibliographical type, whose method Case Study refers to SulAmerica Insurance Company, presented at the 7th SCIP Latin America Summit, competitive intelligence event focused on the business sector. As a result, it was evidenced that the implementation of Information Access Law, propitiated the company to use stemming from scanning and monitoring information in the competitive intelligence process, generating important differentials for business(AU)

Fully connecting the Observational Health Data Science and Informatics (OHDSI) initiative with the world of linked open data

The usage of controlled biomedical vocabularies is the cornerstone that enables seamless interoperability when using a common data model across multiple data sites. The Observational Health Data Science and Informatics (OHDSI) initiative combines over 100 controlled vocabularies into its own. However, the OHDSI vocabulary is limited in the sense that it combines multiple terminologies and does not provide a direct way to link them outside of their own self-contained scope. This issue makes the tasks of enriching feature sets by using external resources extremely difficult. In order to address these shortcomings, we have created a linked data version of the OHDSI vocabulary, connecting it with already established linked resources like bioportal, bio2rdf, etc. with the ultimate purpose of enabling the interoperability of resources previously foreign to the OHDSI universe.

Research on the current electronic health record data access at home and abroad / 中华医院管理杂志

The open access of electronic health record(EHR) is an important link to promote the construction and application of EHR. Starting with the definition of open data of EHR, the authors discussed the content and form of open data of electronic health records, summarized the advanced experiences of countries with higher openness of EHR in the United States, the United Kingdom and Denmark. This paper combined the current situation that the opening of EHR in China is limited within data access instead of data utilization. It also pointed out such problems in the opening of EHR in China, as unclear data ownership, weak health awareness of residents and lack of unified construction standards.From the point of view of the state and medical institutions, this paper put forward a series of policy suggestions, such as issuing standards to standardize the opening of EHR, implementing patient real-name certification, realizing the overall opening of regional platforms, and linking the scope of application and supervision with the content of data opening.

Fatores de competitividade dos municípios brasileiros: proposta de modelo de análise / Factores de competitividad de los municipios brasileños: propuesta de modelo de análisis / Competitiveness factors of Brazilian municipalities: proposal for an analysis model

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo é propor um modelo para analisar a competitividade dos municípios brasileiros. Para tanto, duas etapas de trabalho foram desenvolvidas: (i) por meio de revisão bibliométrica compreendendo o período de 2000 a 2014 buscou-se identificar quais são as variáveis adotadas na literatura mundial para analisar fatores de competitividade municipal e desenvolvimento regional; e (ii) pesquisar quais desses indicadores se encontram disponíveis de forma estruturada em fontes oficiais no Brasil para coleta de dados secundários e observação no nível municipal de análise. Como resultado, dos 88 indicadores identificados na teoria, 64 encontram-se disponíveis em distintas fontes de dados no Brasil. O construto teórico derivado desta revisão, base conceitual para o modelo proposto, compreende seis dimensões analíticas formativas: ciência e tecnologia, economia, demografia, infraestrutura, educação e saúde.

Resumen El objetivo de esta investigación es proponer un modelo para analizar la competitividad de los municipios brasileños. Para este fin, se han desarrollado dos etapas: (i) mediante análisis bibliométrico durante el período de 2000 a 2014, se buscó identificar las variables adoptadas en la literatura mundial para analizar factores de competencia municipal y desarrollo regional; y (ii) investigar cuales de estos indicadores se encuentran disponibles de modo estructurado en fuentes oficiales en Brasil para la recolección de datos secundarios y observación en nivel municipal de análisis. Como resultado, de los 88 indicadores identificados en teoría, 64 se encuentran disponibles en distintas fuentes de datos en Brasil. El constructo teórico derivado de esta revisión, la base conceptual para el modelo propuesto, comprendió seis dimensiones analíticas formativas: ciencia y tecnología, economía, demografía, infraestructura, educación y salud.

Abstract This study proposes a model to analyze the competitiveness of Brazilian municipalities. The research was conducted in two stages: (i) a bibliometric review, covering the period from 2000 to 2014, to identify the variables adopted in the worldwide literature analyzing factors of municipal competitiveness and regional development; and (ii) a study on which of these factors are available, in a structured form, from official sources in Brazil, in order to collect secondary data and observe the situation at the municipal level. As a result, from the 88 indicators identified in the literature, 64 were available in different data bases in Brazil. The theoretical construct derived from this review is the conceptual basis for the proposed model and consists of six formative analytical dimensions: science and technology, economics, demography, infrastructure, education and health.

Os desafios dos dados de pesquisas abertos / Open research data challenges / Desafíos de los datos de investigaciones abiertos

A gestão, a disponibilização e a preservação dos dados de pesquisas são preocupações cada vez mais centrais para os pesquisadores, as instituições de pesquisas e também para as agências de fomento e revistas cientificas. Todos esses têm o objetivo de desenvolver boas práticas de pesquisa que permitam a verificação e a reutilização dos dados, a valorização dos trabalhos de construção de conjuntos de dados e o desenvolvimento de novas maneiras de pesquisar utilizando dados já produzidos. Este artigo apresenta as diferentes etapas do ciclo de vida dos dados e mostra as iniciativas internacionais e nacionais tomadas para desenvolver esse campo que tem grande interesse para a área da saúde.

Increasingly, the management, availability and preservation of research data concern researchers, research institutions as well as research funding agencies and scientific journals. All of them aim to develop good research practices allowing the data confirmation and their reuse, the improvement of the datas et buildingand the development of new ways of searching through the use of data already produced. This paper presents the different stages of the data life cycle and shows the international and national initiatives to develop these important issues to the health field

La gestión, la disponibilidad y conservación de datos procedentes de la investigación constituyen preocupaciones cada vez mayores para los investigadores, instituciones de investigación, organismos definanciación y revistas científicas. Todos tienen el objetivo de desarrollar buenas prácticas de investigación, permitiendo la verificación y la reutilización de los datos, la valorización de los trabajos de construccióndel conjunto de datos y el desarrollo de nuevas maneras de hacer investigaciones utilizando datos ya producidos. Este artículo presenta las diferentes etapas del ciclo de vida de los datos y muestra las iniciativas internacionales y nacionales para el desarrollo de este campo que tiene gran utilidad para la área de la salud.

Cancer genomics-related data management and its application / 中华医学图书情报杂志

Objective To provide reference for developing and perfecting the open resources of national-wide cancer genomics-related data by collecting, systematizing, organizing, sharing and applying the related data of the National Genome Atlas ( TCGA) Program. Methods The technical process, sharing and use of TCGA Program data were in-vestigated. Results TCGA established the whole linkage data management process by cooperating with multiple cen-ters, including tissue sample collection, processing, quality control, sequencing, characteristics analysis, data sharing and application of research achievements. The data were classified according to the related cancer, data types and their processing. The mutation, amplification and deficit of related cancer characteristic genes and the af-fected signaling pathways were studied according to the two sharing mechanisms underlying open access and con-trolled access to the collected data and individual data. Conclusion Studies on TCGA Program can provide experi-ences and reference in data management for the implementation of large scale TCGA Program.

Open Data Flood Mapping of Chao Phraya River Basin and Bangkok Metropolitan Region.

Aims: To examine the utility of open data for flood mapping of the Bangkok Metropolitan Region and Chao Phraya River basin. The region is particularly vulnerable to flooding, having experienced recurrent major flooding events, including the some of the most extensive and prolonged in 2011. Study Design: Novel methodologies were innovated utilising open spatial data and open source geographical software to generate flood extent/hazard maps of the Bangkok Metropolitan Region and Chao Phraya River basin. Key geospatial data were sourced from the Thai Geo-Informatics and Space Technology Development Agency and NASA’s Shuttle Radar Topography Mission. Methodology: Given limited resources for conducting detailed hydrological-hydraulic analyses, two alternative approaches were examined for flood extent/hazard mapping of the basin and city. The first method made use of publicly available historical flood data to produce an up-to-date composite flood extent/hazard map. The second approach, using the latter output as a reference source, examined the utility of a modified topographic index for delineating flood-prone areas, as integrated into the r.hazard.flood module of the open source GRASS GIS application. Results: Compilation of multi-year historical data enabled generation of a relatively finescale (~100m spatial resolution) flood extent/hazard map for the basin and city. The optimal tau threshold for delineating flood exposed cells from the modified topographic index was linearly related to the sub-basin mean slope. The four most northerly subbasins of the Chao Phraya basin, those with higher mean slopes, gave lowest total errors, ranging from 17.5 to 35.9 percent. Conclusions: Open data in the form of multi-year spatial flood layers were effectively combined to generate a relatively fine-scale flood extent/hazard map for the Chao Phraya River basin and Bangkok Metropolitan Region, and the modified topographic index showed promise as an alternative means for identifying flood exposed areas.

Una historia de perjuicio, desperdicio y engaño: cómo la gran industria farmacéutica ha socavado la fe pública en los datos de sus ensayos clínicos y qué podemos hacer al respecto / A tale of harm, waste and deception: how big pharma has undermined public faith in trial data disclosure and what we can do about it

El artículo aborda el tema de los datos relacionados con los estudios de intervención en seres humanos conducidos por la industria farmacéutica y cómo la falta de datos, o bien la distorsión de éstos, puede determinar un impacto sobre la toma de decisiones en clínica y en las revisiones sistemáticas. Se comentan los casos de rosiglitazona (Avandia™, GlaxoSmithKline), rofecoxib (Vioxx™, Merck) y de oseltamivir (Tamiflu™, Roche), como ejemplos de perjuicio (morbilidad y mortalidad mayor en quienes han usado los fármacos), de desperdicio (mayor gasto de los gobiernos en programas de control de problemas de salud pública que no tenían base en evidencia) y de engaño (no reporte de eventos adversos por parte de los encargados de los estudios). Las consecuencias de esta conducta sobre la producción científica son múltiples. Principalmente se produce una reducción y distorsión de la base de evidencia para fundamentar las decisiones clínicas, lo que también incluye el sesgo de publicación. Se recogen varias soluciones planteadas en la literatura internacional como el registro de los ensayos clínicos antes de su realización, el uso de directrices para mejorar la calidad de los reportes, fomentar la publicación de todos los resultados de investigación y la autonomía de la academia e investigadores. El registro de los ensayos clínicos no ha sido eficaz en prevenir la opacidad que rodea la experimentación fase III de los ensayos de intervención financiados por la industria. Deben hacerse cargo de este problema los editores de las revistas biomédicas, las autoridades sanitarias encargadas de dar la aprobación a los fármacos antes de su comercialización, los comités de ética que autorizan la ejecución de ensayos en sus establecimientos, los investigadores y académicos y las organizaciones de pacientes. La industria farmacéutica está llamada a responder a estas propuestas que fomentan la transparencia...

The article addresses the issue of data stemming from interventional studies in humans conducted by the pharmaceutical industry and how lack of data, or data distortion, can impact on clinical decision making and systematic reviews. The cases of rosiglitazone (Avandia ™, GlaxoSmithKline), rofecoxib (Vioxx ™, Merck), and oseltamivir (Tamiflu ™, Roche), are discussed as examples of harm (morbidity and mortality were higher in the treatment groups), waste (government spending in public health programs was not based on evidence), and deception (non-reporting of adverse events in fase III trials). The consequences of this behavior on scientific production are manifold. Most importantly, evidence that is used to inform clinical decisions is reduced and distorted, which also includes publication bias. The article mentions several solutions that have appeared in international literature, such as registration of clinical trials prior to implementation, the use of guidelines to improve the quality of reports, encouraging the publication of all research results and safeguarding autonomy of academy and investigators. Registration of clinical trials has not been effective in preventing the opacity surrounding phase III intervention trials funded by industry. Editors of biomedical journals, health authorities in charge of approving drugs before marketing, ethics committees that authorize the conduct of trials in their facilities, researchers, academics and patient organizations, are all major stakeholders. The pharmaceutical industry is called upon to respond to these proposals that promote transparency. If they do so, public trust in research conducted by them may be recovered.